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Drugs to Treat Anxiety Disorders Psychiatrists use a number of techniques to treat anxiety disorders. The use of drugs is often part of a three-pronged strategy, including exercise and psychotherapy. SSRIs also known as selective serotonin receptor inhibitors, are typically prescribed as the first-line antidepressants in cases of anxiety disorders. They reduce anxiety through a neurotransmitter that regulates mood. Other medications include tricyclic antidepressants, beta blockers and benzodiazepines (propranolol, atenolol). These drugs can increase blood-pressure so it is essential to keep track of your blood pressure when taking these medications. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines are an effective treatment for anxiety, bringing immediate relief and assisting to feel more peaceful and at ease. They improve the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, which helps to reduce tension and nervousness. Benzodiazepines can also be used as an aid to sleep, helping you sleep. GPs can prescribe a range of benzodiazepines including alprazolam (Xanax) diazepoxide (Librium) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin) as well as Lorazepam (Ativan) and flurazepoxide (Dalmane). Although benzodiazepines are a vital medication to treat anxiety symptoms but they should be taken cautiously. They can cause dependence if used for prolonged periods. This is why they are only prescribed for short-term usage. Doctors should consider this when prescribing benzodiazepines and should discuss the risks with their patients. There are people who abuse benzodiazepines by taking them more often or for longer periods than prescribed, or mixing them with alcohol or other substances. This could be risky, and increase the risk of having side effects. It's important to keep all your medications, such as benzodiazepines, stored in a secure location so that they can only be accessible by you or people authorized to access them by you. If you have an prior history of alcohol or drug abuse, you could be at a higher risk of developing addiction to benzodiazepines. Inform your GP if there are any issues in the past with substance abuse so they can examine your treatment and determine your risk more closely. GPs should always consider alternative methods to treat anxiety before prescribing benzodiazepines. They can include relaxation techniques such as yoga, tai-chi, tai-chi, meditation, and other exercises. They may recommend talking therapies, such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy, which are useful for many people, helping them identify the root causes of their anxiety, devise strategies for coping and improve their emotional well-being. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are also able to be effective for treating anxiety. These medications can be utilized as part of a comprehensive strategy for managing anxiety. Benzodiazepines are often used to provide short-term relief of anxiety while waiting for antidepressants' longer-lasting effects. Antidepressants There are a myriad of medicines that can be used to treat anxiety. These medications work differently, but they all increase the amount of certain chemicals that are in your brain that can affect mood. Your doctor will determine the right medication for you depending on your medical condition and your medical history. Antidepressants like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are some of the most common medications used to treat anxiety disorders. The majority of pharmacies offer them. They are typically taken every day. You'll require a prescription, but generic versions tend to be cheaper than brand-name versions. SSRIs are generally considered the first-choice pharmaceutical treatment for most anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder/agoraphobia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They stop the reabsorption process in the nerve cells that produce or release serotonin. Additionally, they reduce the amount of norepinephrine released in response to stressful situations, and may help improve sleep. Another type of antidepressant can be described as a tricyclic antidepressant. It can be effective for certain individuals, but its adverse effects and drowsiness restrict its use. There is also a class of medications known as monoamine oxidase inhibitors. These can be beneficial in treating anxiety, but their diet restrictions and side effects, including erectile dysfunction and weight gain are what make them less popular. Sometimes the combination of therapy and medication is the best option for managing anxiety. Psychotherapy is more cost-effective and effective than drugs alone for most people suffering from anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy, also known as CBT, can teach you to identify the triggers that contribute to anxiety and how to cope with these triggers. CBT can also help you understand how to stay clear of negative thoughts that contribute to your anxiety. Certain people require medication for anxiety for a prolonged period of time, based on the severity of their symptoms and how they react to other treatment options. Research is ongoing to understand the reasons behind these medications to help with anxiety and what the best length of treatment is. Certain people who suffer from severe anxiety might benefit from more recent antidepressants, such as esketamine, also known as Spravato. Sedatives Sedatives are a class of drugs that help to calm the central nervous system and encourage sleep. Doctors prescribe sedatives to treat sleep disorders and anxiety disorders. They boost the function of a neurotransmitter named gamma-aminobutyric acid, or GABA within the brain to slow down the activity of neurons and decrease excitability, leading to feelings of relaxation and calm. Sedatives can also cause drowsiness and reduce muscle spasms. They are also used to induce general anesthesia. Z-drugs and benzodiazepines are among the most frequently prescribed sedatives. Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed. They include Xanax as well as Librium. Valium (chlordiazepoxide or diazepoxide), Ativan and Lorazepam. Z-drugs are a type of hypnotic medicine that acts by binding receptors in the brain and spinal cord to induce drowsiness. These drugs have a calming effect that can last from a few hours to a full day. When sedatives are taken with other medicines such as alcohol or opiates, they could have dangerous side effects. These include impaired judgement, drowsiness, and a loss in coordination. They can also cause depression and confusion. Sedatives can be addictive and can cause dependence if used for a long time. The signs of dependence are more apparent when a person takes high doses or stops using the drug abruptly. Antidepressants, in addition to sedatives, are frequently prescribed to help with anxiety. They work by preventing the brain's nerve cells from absorbing a chemical known as serotonin. Serotonin is a key chemical for mood regulation. Antidepressants are used to treat anxiety. typically take them for between 6 and 12 months, and then gradually reduce their dosage. The majority of people don't develop tolerance to these medications and don't suffer withdrawal or dependence symptoms when they stop taking the medication. Cognitive behavioral therapy and EMDR are two alternative therapies for anxiety. CBT helps people recognize the triggers for anxiety, and then learn to manage these situations. It is a suggested treatment for PTSD, but it may be effective for other conditions as well. During this therapy the person remembers past life experiences that triggered anxiety and moves their gaze between the two. Psychotherapy Anxiety disorders (GAD, GAD with comorbid depression panic disorder with agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder) affect people of all ages, backgrounds and incomes. These disorders are among the most common disorders of psychiatry that affect adults and are treated with psychotherapy or medication. Some medications can help with certain symptoms, but others have serious negative side consequences. They should only be used as a part of a complete treatment plan that includes psychotherapy. Treatments for anxiety disorders are typically prescribed to alleviate symptoms such as excessive worry, restlessness, and shaking. They can also aid in the reduction of other symptoms that are often associated with these disorders, like fatigue or depression. Antidepressants are also prescribed to treat anxiety, and certain of them work in people without any depressive disorder. Selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitions (SNRIs) are the best medications for treating anxiety. These medications increase levels of the mood-enhancing chemical serotonin in the brain, which may reduce feelings of anxiety. These medications can cause nausea, vomiting, and headaches at first. However these side effects generally diminish as time passes. SSRIs and SNRIs aren't the only medications that can be used to treat anxiety. Venlafaxine Vortioxetine (Bupropion XL), Doxepine, Buspirone and Valproic Acid (VPA) are a few of the medications that have been found to be effective in treating anxiety. However, the majority of these medications have not been thoroughly examined in head-tohead trials and provide only limited evidence of their effectiveness against generalized anxiety disorder. IamPsychiatry can be utilized as a substitute for SSRIs or SNRIs, but they can cause serious side effects and can become habit-forming. They also can hinder the effectiveness of psychotherapy, and many patients feel withdrawal symptoms if benzodiazepine is stopped too soon. Because of these risks, benzodiazepines are recommended as a last-resort treatment in conjunction with other treatments. If symptoms are severe or life-threatening, your doctor may prescribe these medications.